Apostille Stamp – Guide to Document Apostille
🏛️ Apostille Moldova
The special Apostille stamp came into effect in the Republic of Moldova on March 16, 2007. This stamp eliminates the requirement for legalization of foreign documents in Moldova and Moldovan documents abroad. This stamp is used by member states of the Hague Convention of October 5, 1961 “On Apostille”. In other words, the Convention abolishes the requirement for consular legalization of documents in the country of their origin.
An Apostille is a special inscription or seal affixed to official documents for their legalization in other countries. The Apostille is based on the Hague Convention on Apostille of Documents of October 5, 1961. Since then, apostilled documents are recognized and accepted without additional legalization procedures in the member states of this convention.
🔑 Key Definitions for Apostille
Apostille Moldova
This is the procedure for certifying official documents issued in Moldova for their international recognition. The procedure is carried out in accordance with the 1961 Hague Convention and makes the document valid in all member states.
Apostille Stamp
This is a standardized form (in Moldova — the electronic e-Apostille certificate) that confirms the authenticity of the signature, the capacity of the person who signed the document, and the seal of the institution. **The Apostille stamp** does not confirm the content of the document itself.
Apostille Moldova
This is the process of obtaining an apostille. **Apostille in Moldova** is a one-step procedure that is entirely under the authority of the Ministry of Justice.
Apostille Ministry of Justice
In the Republic of Moldova, **Apostille at the Ministry of Justice** is the only possible way to legalize documents through apostille. The Ministry of Justice is the sole competent authority for this procedure.
⚖️ Apostille vs. Consular Legalization: What is the Difference?
| Criterion | Apostille | Consular Legalization |
|---|---|---|
| For which countries | Countries party to the Hague Convention (USA, EU, Canada, etc.) | Countries not party to the Convention (UAE, China, Egypt, etc.) |
| Process | One step: only Apostille at the Ministry of Justice of Moldova. | Multi-stage: Ministry of Justice → MFAEI → Consulate of the destination country. |
| Speed | Fast (from 1 hour to 5 days). | Slow (from several weeks to months). |
| Cost | Relatively inexpensive (fixed state fee). | Significantly more expensive (fees at each stage). |
| Result | A single standard stamp (in Moldova – an e-Apostille sheet). | Multiple different stamps and seals from all authorities. |
📖 Apostille Text Samples
Romanian (Original)
APOSTILĂ
(Convenția de la Haga din 5 octombrie 1961)
- Țara: REPUBLICA MOLDOVA
Prezentul act public - a fost semnat de ………………………………….
- în calitate de …………………………….
- poartă sigiliul/ștampila ……………………
Certificat - la ………………………. 6. data de …………………….
- de către Ministerul Justiției al Republicii Moldova
- sub nr. …………………………………………
- Sigiliu/ștampilă: 10. Semnătura:
……………………………. …………………………
Comment: The original apostille text in the official language of the Republic of Moldova.
Russian (Translation)
APOSTILLE
(Hague Convention of 5 October 1961)
- Country: REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
This public document - has been signed by …………………….
- acting in the capacity of …………………….
- bears the seal/stamp of ……………………
Certified - at ………………………. 6. (date) …….
- by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Moldova
- under No …………………………………….
- Seal/stamp: 10. Signature:
……………………………. …………………………
Comment: Translation of the Moldovan apostille into Russian.
French (Translation)
APOSTILLE
(Hague Convention of 5 October 1961)
- Country: RÉPUBLIQUE DE MOLDAVIE
This public document - has been signed by ………………………………….
- acting in the capacity of …………………………….
- bears the seal/stamp of ……………………
Certified - at ………………………. 6. on …………………….
- by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Moldova
- under No …………………………………………
- Seal/stamp: 10. Signature:
……………………………. …………………………
Comment: Translation of the Moldovan apostille into French.
English (Translation)
APOSTILLE
(Hague Convention of 5 October 1961)
- Country: REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
This public document - has been signed by ………………………………….
- acting in the capacity of …………………………….
- bears the seal/stamp of ……………………
Certified - at ………………………. 6. on …………………….
- by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Moldova
- under No …………………………………………
- Seal/stamp: 10. Signature:
……………………………. …………………………
Comment: Translation of the Moldovan apostille into English.
📍Apostille at the Ministry of Justice of Moldova: Competence and Documents
The only authorized body for apostille in Moldova is the Ministry of Justice.
Detailed list of documents for apostille:
- Civil status acts: Birth, marriage, divorce, death, name/surname change, adoption certificates; extracts from acts.
- All types of education documents:
- Secondary education certificate (Atestat de studii medii de cultură generală).
- Bachelor’s Diploma (Diplomă de Bacalaureat).
- Higher education diploma (Licentiate) (Diplomă de studii superioare de licență) and its supplement (supliment la diplomă).
- Master’s Diploma (Diplomă de Master) and its supplement.
- Doctor of Science Diploma (Diplomă de Doctor).
- Diploma of Secondary Vocational/Technical Education (Diplomă de studii profesionale/secundare profesionale).
- Professional Qualification Certificate (Certificat de calificare profesională).
- Academic Transcript / Grade Report (Foaie matricolă / Adeverință academică).
- Notarial Acts: Powers of attorney, applications, declarations, notarized copies.
- Judicial Acts: Court decisions, verdicts, rulings.
- Legal Entity Documents: Extract from the State Register (Extras), Certificate of Registration (notarized copy), Founding Documents (notarized copy).
- Other Official Documents: Criminal record certificates, employment history certificates (CNAS), medical certificates, archive certificates.
💡 Practical Challenges and “Tricky Cases”
- Case 1: Belarus and the “Extra” Apostille.
- Theory: The Minsk Convention, which abolishes the apostille, is in effect between Moldova and Belarus.
- Practice: Some Belarusian institutions (banks, universities) are unaware of the convention or have internal regulations requiring a “document with an apostille.”
- Solution: Arguing and proving your case by referencing the convention can be lengthy and fruitless. It is simpler and faster to accommodate the request and obtain an apostille.
- Case 2: Italy and Double Translation.
- Practice: Often, a notarized translation done in Moldova is insufficient for Italy. Italian authorities require the already apostilled document to be re-translated in Italy by an accredited translator (traduttore giurato).
- Case 3: Spain and Sworn Translators.
- Practice: Similar to Italy, Spain only trusts its own sworn translators (Traductor-Intérprete Jurado). A translation done in Moldova will most likely not be accepted.
🌐 Electronic Apostille (e-Apostille) Worldwide: Who Uses It and How to Verify
Moldova is part of the advanced international e-Apostille Program (e-APP), which allows for online verification of an apostille’s authenticity.
| Country | Online Verification Website (e-Register) |
|---|---|
| Moldova | apostila.gov.md/ro/check |
| New Zealand | apostille.dia.govt.nz |
| Spain | sede.mjusticia.gob.es (section “Consulta de la Apostilla”) |
| Colombia | cancilleria.gov.co/tramites_servicios/apostilla_legalizacion_en_linea |
| Brazil | cnj.jus.br/poder-judiciario/relacoes-internacionais/apostila-da-haia |
| Georgia | apostille.gov.ge |
| Belgium | e-legalisation.diplomatie.be |
| Kazakhstan | apostille.gov.kz |
| USA | Decentralized. Verification depends on the state that issued the apostille. Search for “apostille verification [state name]”. |
ℹ️ Special Case: Documents from Transnistria (PMR)
Documents issued by the authorities of the unrecognized PMR cannot be apostilled directly. You must obtain their Moldovan equivalents.
🗺️ Types of Legalization for Different Countries
Countries for which APOSTILLE IS NOT REQUIRED
- CIS: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine.
- Countries with bilateral agreements: Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Czech Republic.
Countries requiring an APOSTILLE
- Examples: All EU countries (except those listed above), USA, UK, Canada, Australia, Switzerland, Turkey, Israel, Japan, South Korea, Brazil, Slovakia, etc.
Countries requiring CONSULAR LEGALIZATION
- Examples: UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Egypt, Thailand, Vietnam, Iran.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Which documents CANNOT be apostilled?
- Passports and identity cards.
- Documents issued by diplomatic or consular missions.
- Commercial and customs documents (invoices, contracts).
- Laminated documents.
- Documents with uncertified corrections.
What is the validity period of an apostille?
What to do if the apostille has already been affixed, but there is an error in the document?
What to do if I am abroad and the document does not have an apostille?
Can an apostille be affixed to documents of the old (Soviet) format?
Can an apostille be affixed to a copy of a document?
Can an apostille be affixed to company documents in Moldova?
🔗 Official links and legislation
- Legislation:
- Law No. 162 of 22-07-2004 on Moldova’s accession to the Hague Convention.
- Government Decision No. 16 of 15.01.2007 on the approval of the Regulation on the application of the Convention.
- Hague Convention website (HCCH): hcch.net/en/instruments/conventions/specialised-sections/apostille